Plastic recycling yog hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rov qab cov khoom pov tseg lossis cov khoom pov tseg thiab rov ua dua cov ntaub ntawv rau hauv cov khoom siv tau zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig.Qhov kev ua no yog hu ua cov txheej txheem yas rov ua dua tshiab.Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev rov ua dua cov yas yog kom txo qis cov pa phem ntawm cov yas thaum muab cov ntaub ntawv tsis zoo los tsim cov khoom yas tshiab.Txoj hauv kev no yuav pab txuag cov peev txheej thiab hloov cov khoom yas los ntawm qhov chaw pov tseg lossis qhov chaw uas tsis xav tau xws li dej hiav txwv.
Qhov Kev Xav Tau Rau Kev Siv Khoom Siv Yas
Cov yas yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov, hnav thiab pheej yig.Lawv tuaj yeem yooj yim raug molded rau hauv ntau yam khoom uas pom siv nyob rau hauv ntau daim ntawv thov.Txhua xyoo, ntau tshaj 100 lab tons ntawm plastics raug tsim tawm thoob plaws ntiaj teb.Nyob ib ncig ntawm 200 billion phaus ntawm cov khoom siv yas tshiab yog thermoformed, foamed, laminated thiab extruded rau ntau lab pob khoom thiab cov khoom.Yog li ntawd, kev rov siv dua, rov ua dua thiab rov ua dua cov yas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
Dab tsi yog Plastics Recyclable?
Muaj rau ntau hom yas.Hauv qab no yog qee cov khoom lag luam uas koj yuav pom rau txhua yam ntawm cov yas:
PS (Polystyrene) - Piv txwv: ua npuas dej kub khob, yas cutlery, ntim, thiab yogurt.
PP (Polypropylene) - Piv txwv: cov thawv noj su, cov thawv ntim khoom noj, cov thawv ntim khoom khov.
LDPE (Low-density polyethylene) - Piv txwv: cov khib nyiab thiab hnab.
PVC (Plasticised Polyvinyl chloride los yog polyvinyl chloride) - Piv txwv: cordial, kua txiv los yog nyem fwj.
HDPE (High-density polyethylene) - Piv txwv li: ntim tshuaj zawv plaub hau lossis lub raj mis mis.
PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) - Piv txwv li: kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lub raj mis dej haus.
Tam sim no, tsuas yog PET, HDPE, thiab PVC cov khoom siv yas rov qab siv dua nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam recycling.PS, PP, thiab LDPE feem ntau tsis rov siv dua vim tias cov ntaub ntawv yas no tau daig hauv cov khoom sib cais hauv cov chaw rov ua dua ua rau nws tawg lossis nres.Lub hau thiab lub raj mis saum lub raj mis tsis tuaj yeem siv dua."Yuav kom rov ua dua lossis Tsis Rov Siv Dua" yog lo lus nug loj thaum nws los txog rau kev rov ua dua tshiab.Qee hom yas tsis rov siv dua vim tias lawv tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau li ntawd.
Qee qhov ceev cov yas rov ua dua tshiab
Txhua teev, Asmeskas siv 2.5 lab lub raj mis yas, feem ntau yog pov tseg.
Kwv yees li 9.1% ntawm cov khoom siv yas tau rov ua dua tshiab hauv Asmeskas thaum xyoo 2015, sib txawv ntawm cov khoom lag luam.Cov ntim yas tau rov ua dua tshiab ntawm 14.6%, cov khoom siv yas ruaj khov ntawm 6.6%, thiab lwm yam khoom tsis ruaj khov ntawm 2.2%.
Tam sim no, 25 feem pua ntawm cov khib nyiab yas rov qab siv dua hauv Tebchaws Europe.
Cov neeg Asmeskas rov siv dua 3.14 lab tons ntawm cov yas hauv xyoo 2015, poob los ntawm 3.17 lab hauv 2014.
Recycling yas siv 88% tsawg zog dua li tsim cov yas los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab.
Tam sim no, nyob ib ncig ntawm 50% ntawm cov yas peb siv yog pov tseg tom qab siv ib zaug xwb.
Plastics suav txog 10% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom pov tseg thoob ntiaj teb.
Plastics yuav siv sij hawm ntau pua xyoo los degrade
Cov plastics uas xaus rau hauv dej hiav txwv tawg ua me me thiab txhua xyoo nyob ib ncig ntawm 100,000 tus tsiaj hauv hiav txwv thiab ib lab seabirds tau tua noj cov khoom me me.
Lub zog txuag los ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab tsuas yog ib lub raj mis yas xwb tuaj yeem siv lub zog ntawm 100 watt teeb rau ze li ib teev.
Cov txheej txheem yas rov ua dua tshiab
Qhov yooj yim ntawm cov txheej txheem yas rov ua dua tshiab suav nrog kev sau, txheeb xyuas, txiav, ntxuav, yaj, thiab pelletizing.Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb sib txawv raws li cov khoom siv yas lossis hom khoom yas.
Feem ntau cov khoom siv yas rov siv dua siv cov txheej txheem hauv qab no ob kauj ruam:
Kauj Ruam Ib: Muab cov yas txiav txiav los yog nrog cov ntawv qhia kom paub tseeb tias tag nrho cov kab mob raug tshem tawm ntawm cov kwj yas pov tseg.
Kauj ruam 2: Melting down plastics ncaj qha mus rau hauv ib tug tshiab zoo los yog shredding rau hauv flakes ces melting down ua ntej thaum kawg ua tiav rau hauv granulates.
Qhov Tseeb Ua Ntej Hauv Kev Siv Khoom Siv Yas
Kev tsim kho tshiab tsis tu ncua hauv cov thev naus laus zis rov ua dua tshiab tau ua rau cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab tau yooj yim dua thiab raug nqi ntau dua.Cov thev naus laus zis no suav nrog cov cuab yeej kuaj pom kev ntseeg tau thiab kev txiav txim siab zoo thiab paub txog software uas sib sau ua ke txhim kho cov khoom tsim tau thiab qhov tseeb ntawm kev xaiv cov yas tsis siv neeg.Piv txwv li, FT-NIR detectors tuaj yeem khiav mus txog 8,000 teev ntawm qhov tsis raug ntawm cov khoom ntes.
Lwm qhov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv kev rov ua dua tshiab yog nyob rau hauv kev nrhiav tus nqi siab dua rau cov khoom siv polymers hauv cov txheej txheem kaw-voj rov ua dua tshiab.Txij li thaum xyoo 2005, piv txwv li, cov ntawv PET rau thermoforming hauv UK tuaj yeem muaj 50 feem pua mus rau 70 feem pua cov PET rov ua dua los ntawm kev siv A / B / A txheej txheej.
Tsis ntev los no, qee lub tebchaws EU suav nrog lub tebchaws Yelemes, Spain, Ltalis, Norway, thiab Austria tau pib sau cov ntim ntim tsis zoo xws li lub lauj kaub, tubs, thiab cov tais nrog rau qee qhov tsawg ntawm cov neeg siv khoom ntim khoom yooj yim.Vim tias tsis ntev los no kev txhim kho hauv kev ntxuav thiab sorting thev naus laus zis, kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov ntim yas uas tsis yog lub raj mis tau dhau los ua tau.
Kev Sib Tw rau Kev Lag Luam Plastic Recycling
Cov yas rov ua dua tshiab ntsib ntau yam teeb meem, xws li los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke mus rau cov khoom seem uas nyuaj rau tshem tawm.Tus nqi-zoo thiab siv tau zoo ntawm cov kwj yas sib xyaw yog kab tias qhov kev sib tw loj tshaj plaws rau kev lag luam rov ua dua tshiab.Cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias kev tsim cov ntim yas thiab lwm yam khoom yas nrog kev rov ua dua tshiab tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ntsib qhov kev sib tw no.
Kev rov qab thiab rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov neeg siv khoom hloov pauv tom qab ntim khoom yog qhov teeb meem rov ua dua tshiab.Feem ntau cov khoom siv rov qab los thiab cov tub ceev xwm hauv zos tsis nquag sau nws vim tsis muaj cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo thiab yooj yim cais lawv.
Oceanic plastic pollution tau dhau los ua qhov tsis ntev los no rau kev txhawj xeeb rau pej xeem.Dej hiav txwv yas xav tias yuav nce peb zaug hauv kaum xyoo tom ntej, thiab kev txhawj xeeb ntawm pej xeem tau ua rau cov koom haum ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb los nqis tes rau kev tswj hwm cov peev txheej yas zoo dua thiab tiv thaiv kev ua qias tuaj.
Cov Cai Siv Plastics Recycling Laws
Kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm lub raj mis yas tau ua yuav tsum tau ua hauv ntau lub xeev Asmeskas suav nrog California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, thiab Wisconsin.Thov ua raws li cov kev sib txuas hauv qab no kom pom cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog cov cai siv yas rov ua dua tshiab hauv txhua lub xeev.
Saib tom ntej
Kev rov ua dua tshiab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj xyuas cov yas yas kawg.Kev nce nqi rov ua dua tshiab tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev paub txog pej xeem ntau dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab.Kev ua haujlwm tau zoo yuav raug txhawb los ntawm kev nqis peev tsis tu ncua hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho.
Kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm ntau dua ntawm cov khoom siv yas tom qab siv thiab ntim khoom yuav txhawb nqa rov ua dua tshiab thiab hloov ntau qhov kawg ntawm lub neej pov tseg los ntawm qhov chaw pov tseg.Kev lag luam thiab cov neeg tsim cai tseem tuaj yeem pab txhawb kev rov ua dua tshiab los ntawm kev xav tau lossis txhawb kev siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua piv rau cov yas yas.
Plastic Recycling Industry Associations
Cov koom haum kev lag luam yas rov ua dua tshiab yog lub cev lub luag haujlwm los txhawb nqa cov yas rov ua dua tshiab, ua rau cov tswv cuab tsim thiab tswj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg siv khoom yas, thiab tos txais nrog tsoomfwv thiab lwm lub koom haum los pab tsim qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau kev lag luam yas rov ua dua tshiab.
Lub Koom Haum ntawm Cov Plastic Recyclers (APR): APR sawv cev rau kev lag luam yas rov ua dua tshiab thoob ntiaj teb.Nws sawv cev rau nws cov tswv cuab uas suav nrog cov tuam txhab yas rov ua dua tshiab ntawm txhua qhov ntau thiab tsawg, cov tuam txhab siv cov khoom siv yas, cov khoom siv yas rov ua dua tshiab, cov chaw kuaj sim thiab cov koom haum uas tau cog lus rau kev nce qib thiab kev ua tiav ntawm cov yas rov ua dua tshiab.APR muaj ntau yam kev kawm los hloov kho nws cov tswv cuab txog cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab kev tsim kho tshiab.
Plastics Recyclers Europe (PRE): Tsim los ntawm 1996, PRE sawv cev rau cov khoom siv yas hauv Tebchaws Europe.Tam sim no, nws muaj ntau dua 115 cov tswv cuab los ntawm thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe.Hauv thawj xyoo ntawm kev tsim, PRE cov tswv cuab tau rov siv dua 200 000 tons ntawm cov khib nyiab yas, tab sis tam sim no tag nrho tam sim no tshaj 2.5 lab tons.PRE npaj cov khoom siv yas rov ua dua tshiab thiab cov rooj sib tham txhua xyoo los pab nws cov tswv cuab los tham txog qhov kev txhim kho tshiab thiab cov teeb meem hauv kev lag luam.
Lub koom haum ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab (ISRI): ISRI sawv cev rau ntau dua 1600 cov tuam txhab me me mus rau ntau lub tebchaws suav nrog cov tuam txhab, cov txheej txheem, cov neeg siv khoom lag luam thiab cov neeg siv khoom lag luam ntawm ntau hom khoom seem.Cov koom haum koom tes ntawm lub koom haum Washington DC no suav nrog cov khoom siv thiab cov chaw muab kev pabcuam tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam rov ua dua tshiab.
Post lub sij hawm: Jul-27-2020